Indian mangroves consist of 46 true mangrove species belonging to 14 families and 22 genera, which include 42 species and 4 natural hybrids.In other words, India is home to around 57% of the world's mangrove species (Ragavan et al., 2016).S. hydrophyllacea is one of the shrub evergreen mangrove plants belonging to Scyphiphora genus in the family Rubiaceae.It is a monotypic genus that spans southern India, Ceylon, Indochina, Hainan, the Philippines, the Malay Archipelago, tropical Australia, New Caledonia, and further north, AbstractChengham (Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea C.F. Gaertn., Rubiaceae) is a mangrove shrub commonly found in landward mangrove zones, having potential biological activities.Different parts of S. hydrophyllacea have components with biological and pharmaceutical properties.Comprehensive information regarding this mangrove plant was collected from various electronic databases such as PubMed, PubMed Central, SciFinder, Google Scholar, J-gate, Library Search, Science Direct, Elsevier, Semantic Scholar, ResearchGate.The isolated compounds and the extracts of the shrub were studied for pharmacological properties such as antitumor, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties.This plant contains 11 types of secondary metabolites like iridoids, iridoid glucosides, noriridoids, triterpenes, steroids, coumarins, lignans, coumarino lignoids, flavonoids, fatty acid esters and a few miscellaneous compounds.The plant's morphological characteristics and phytochemical and pharmacological actions were highlighted in this article, which can be used as a resource for pharmaceutical research.
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