P-483 Dosimetric Comparison Between Photon and Proton Irradiation for Prostate Cancer: Highlighting Therapeutic Efficacy and Radioprotection

Introduction Prostate cancer is a common disease affecting the male reproductive gland. Our main goal is to create a realistic mathematical model of the male pelvic area. We aim to compare radiation doses from photons and protons to determine the most effective method, minimizing risks to the patient’s organs while maximizing protection for healthcare personnel. The radioprotection is based on three fundamental principles: justification, optimization and dose limitation. Methods We employed Monte Carlo methods, probabilistic algorithms for approximate numerical calculations. The simulations were performed using GEANT4, version 10.04.p03, an interface software that simulates particle movement through matter. GEANT4 succeeds the CERN- developed GEANT software series, utilizing C++ and an object-oriented programming methodology. Results Our findings highlighted the superior therapeutic efficacy of proton irradiation in depositing doses within the patient’s organs at risk. Additionally, proton treatment provided enhanced protection for healthcare personnel. Compared to photon irradiation, proton therapy proved more advantageous in terms of radioprotection. Discussion The underlying physics of these therapies differ significantly. Photons involve an indirect dose deposition, requiring two collision steps before interacting with a target electron and resulting in numerous scattered photons. In contrast, protons directly and continuously deposit energy, characterized by the Bragg peak. Conclusion The therapeutic effectiveness of proton irradiation in terms of radioprotection was emphasized. Nevertheless, implementing charged particle treatment demands extensive and costly experimental protocols. Therefore, photon irradiation remains one of the most widely used techniques for prostate cancer treatment, owing to its well-established advantages.