P-196 Characterization of Particles Emitted From Stick-Incense Burning in a Chamber Setting

Introduction Stick-incense burning is a traditional and common practice in many countries, including Thailand. However, the smoke from burning can cause health impacts due to inhalation exposure to particulate matter. The purpose of this study was to investigate the emission of particles from stick-incense burning. Methods Two brands of incense sticks (A and B) were used in this experiment conducted in a chamber setting. Particles released from the burning were collected and analyzed in terms of number and mass concentration using condensation particle counter (TSI P-Trak, 8525), and NIOSH method #0500, respectively. The particle morphology and chemical composition were also analyzed using SEM/EDX. Results Burning an incense stick released airborne particle concentration with a mean of 1.1 x 10^5 particles/cm^3 for brand A and 1.8 x 10^5 particles/cm^3 for brand B. The mass concentration mean of brand A and B was 0.8 and 1.7 mg/m^3, respectively. Morphology and particle size were in the range of ultrafine to nanoparticle. The majority of chemical composition of both brands was carbon, but the cadmium percentage was found higher in brand B. Chloride was only found in particles of brand B. Discussion The findings were consistent with several studies which characterized particles emitted from stick-incense burning. However, different materials and ingredients of incense could lead to differences in particle concentration and elemental content. Conclusion Stick-incense burning generated ultrafine particles at high number concentrations. Different brands of incense resulted in the difference in particle concentration and chemical composite. Exposure controls should be implemented during the burning, especially indoor environment.