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Abstract Agriculture is a sector particularly affected by the risk of pesticide exposure. The scientific literature associates agricultural pesticides with numerous effects on farmers' health (cancer, lymphoma, anxiety disorders). A number of studies have shown that it is necessary to examine the question of ‘real exposure’ in greater depth, in particular through a more detailed description of work practices, in order to take preventive action. Despite the preventive measures developed in the agricultural sector in France and Canada, farmers continue to be exposed, to expose themselves and those around them to pesticides when handling products or working in the field. They have to comply with numerous regulations, but cannot rely on safety measures adapted to their work activity and its constraints to prevent exposure. In order to understand the different forms of pesticide exposure and consider the transformation of risk situations in a plural way, we show in this contribution how, within our respective research-interventions (in Bordeaux viticulture and Quebec apple growing), we have each sought to enrich the analysis of exposure in real work with a broader, contextual approach to the activity. Our contribution seeks to: (1) to make visible a methodology for multi-scalar analysis of the determinants of exposure, whether internal to the farm or external to it (located beyond the decision-making scope of the business), (2) to contribute to the development of an exposure analysis that takes into account the personal and professional concerns of farmers, to promote a more sustainable approach to prevention.
Goutille et al. (Mon,) studied this question.