Assessment of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism as a ‎Cause of Pulmonary Hypertension among End Stage ‎Renal Disease Patients on Regular Hemodialysis

Background: End-stage renal disease can result in several systemic consequences that pose ‎a significant risk to life, such as cardiovascular disorders. Pulmonary arterial hypertension, ‎characterized by increased blood pressure in the pulmonary artery, poses a significant risk ‎for both morbidity and mortality in individuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Aim of ‎the study: The aim of the current study was to evaluate association between ‎hyperparathyroidism and incidence of pulmonary hypertension among haemodialysis ‎patients. Methods: This study was performed on 100 haemodialysis patients; they were ‎divided according to incidence of pulmonary hypertension into 2 groups: 63 pulmonary ‎hypertension patients and 37 patients without pulmonary hypertension. Results: The most ‎reported leading cause of end- stage renal disease was hypertension (65%), analgesic ‎nephropathy (11%) and diabetic nephropathy (9%). About 27% of patients had residual ‎urine output.The included patients received hemodialysis for about 3.06 ± 1.5 years with ‎average ultrafiltration rate 3.3 ± 1.15 L. About 96% of patients received hemodialysis via ‎A- v fistula and mean A- v fistula flow volume was 1111.7 ± 434.1. Conclusion: ‎Disturbance in parathyroid release significantly affected incidence of pulmonary ‎hypertension. Also, hypoparathyroidism is associated with increased incidence rate of ‎pulmonary hypertension.‎