Plasmonic Biosensor Field-Effect Devices for Virus Detection by Carbon Nanomaterials

The predominance of viruses is a real threat to human safety as they cause severe infections. The high prevalence of viral diseases can be attributed to inadequate detection techniques. Various types of biosensors have been developed and commercialized with the intention of detecting dangerous viruses. However, they have many drawbacks. These problems are resolved by nanotechnology, which makes it possible to instantly recognize molecular targets directly. The special physical, chemical, electrical, and optical properties of nanomaterials offer advantages to biosensors. Sensors made of carbon nanotubes were initially utilized in field-effect devices for virus detection. Carbon nanoparticles show enhanced sensing capabilities. Optical biosensors with localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) can improve the performance of viral detection. The proposed method performs better than the existing SPR devices. The most often used nanomaterials are those made of metal and carbon, as well as their hybrid composites, which are used for various amplification techniques.