Development and evaluation of nanogel containing genistein for topical applications

Genistein, a natural isoflavone found in soybeans, has gained attention for its diverse pharmacological benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties.However, the therapeu tic efficacy of genistein is often limited by challenges such as poor solubility, stability, and absorption.This study aimed to explore the feasibility of nanogel for the topical delivery of genistein in prevention of skin damage.The solubility of genistein was determined in various oils, surfactants, and co-surfactants, and genistein nanoemulsion was prepared using an aqueous titration method.The optimized nanoemulsion consisted of Olive oil and Sefsol-218 (1:1 ratio) as the oil phase, Kolliphor RH40 as the surfactant, and polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) as the co-surfactant.The droplet size of the nanoemulsion was 89.76 nm, with a low polydispersity index (0.161 ± 0.022) and a negative zeta potential (-20.02 ± 0.234).Finally, a nanogel formulation was prepared using Carbopol 940 as the gelling agent.The triethanolamine (TEA) as the neutralizing agent, and glycerine was added as a humectant to provide a smooth and calming effect.The optimized nanogel gave sustained release with acceptable rheological and pharmaceutical properties.Further study is required to determine the potential benefits of utilizing genistein-loaded nanogel for prevention of skin damage when applied topically.