Immunoreactivity of Cardiac Troponin, Myoglobin, and Caspase 3 revealing the connection of Acute myocardial Infarction with Acute Lung Injury in autopsied cases of sudden/ unexpected deaths

Background: Sudden and unexplained deaths present challenges forforensic pathologists to determine underlying causes. Many disorders arecardiovascular in nature, although little research has been done on non- cardiac involvement, such as lung disease. This study investigates thecorrelation between acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and acute lunginjury (ALI) in these types of fatalities. Methods: This study examined 80 autopsy cases of unexpected orunexplained deaths that had been in Egypt between 2009 and 2014. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry employingcardiac markers such as troponin, myoglobin, and caspase 3 were usedto examine lung and heart tissues. Results: While 65% of individuals had additional lung diseases, about35% of cases had signs of ALI. About 60% of people had coronaryartery disease and 40% had cardiac muscle damage. Cases examinedby HE & E showed no statistically significant relation or associationbetween ALI and AMI cases. Unlike results with conventional staining, immunohistochemistry revealed a substantial correlation between mildindications of AMI and ALI. Conclusion: The findings raise the possibility of myocardial damageassociated ALI which by turn increases the incidence of sudden orunexpected deaths. For ALI patients, routine cardiac enzyme testing isadvised to rule out cardiac involvement. Additional investigation intothe pathways linking AMI and ALI is necessary