Histomorphological Study of Nephrectomy Specimens with Assessment of Prognostic Parameters in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Background: Kidney is a major organ that is affected by vast spectrum of non-neoplastic (NN) and neoplastic lesions. Simple nephrectomy is done for nonfunctioning kidneys in inflammatory/ benign disorders, radical / partial nephrectomy is done for neoplasms. Aims: This study aims to study the different histomorphological features observed in nephrectomy specimens and to assess the significance of prognostic parameters in the evaluation of renal cancers. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study that includes 71 nephrectomy specimens received in our department. Results: Among the 71 nephrectomy specimens 57.7% were NN lesions. Chronic pyelonephritis and Clear cell type of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were the commonest NN and neoplastic lesions respectively. Majority of RCCs were histologically grade 2 (50%). A significant correlation was found between tumor size and grade, tumor size and renal sinus invasion (RSI) and RSI was frequently seen in higher grade RCCs. However, a larger sample size is needed to generalize these results. Conclusion: With early interventions of NN lesions and detecting RCC in early stages the need for surgical management and radical procedures can be brought down to spare this vital organ.