Exploring the Linkages Between Green Bonds and International Financial Markets: An International Portfolio Perspective

The aim of study is to examine the dynamic linkages between green bond & international financial markets. In particular, the study investigates the inter-connections among green bonds, world’s developed and emerging equity markets, commodities market (gold & oil) and the foreign exchange market. Sample period ranges from July 1, 2014, to June 30, 2023 encircling numerous important events including COVID-19 pandemics. For empirical investigation, study used combination of several econometric techniques including Johansen Cointegration model and Granger Causality test and analysis for examining short & for long-term associations among markets. Results of study show that these markets are linked in varying degrees in long-run as evident from cointegration results that show two cointegrating vectors. This infers that there are limited diversification benefits specially in long-run in selected markets. In short-run, results show diversification potential as showed by results from Granger Causality tests. Results have important implications for investors & fund managers in making portfolio decisions, & policy makers in devising various strategies for risk mitigation during turbulent periods.