Global warming and its consequences for neurological disorders

Climate change poses a significant threat to humanity in the 21st century. Global warming and air pollution are two well-recognized consequences of climate change. The progressive rise in surrounding temperature, along with heightened levels of pollution, has a catastrophic impact on our well-being, perhaps leading to an escalated frequency and intensity of various neurological ailments. The primary objective of this review study is to provide insight into the correlation between the occurrences of global warming and air pollution and two prevalent and incapacitating neurological conditions: stroke and neurodegenerative illnesses. Severe ambient temperatures cause damage to the nervous system and lead to a higher occurrence of strokes and death. Global warming does not directly contribute to the development of neurodegenerative illnesses but it worsens the symptoms of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). There is a strong correlation between high levels of air pollutants, namely particulate matter and the occurrence of ischemic strokes rather than haemorrhagic strokes. Individuals who are exposed to air pollution are more likely to acquire dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD), but not Parkinson's disease (PD). Oxidative stress, alterations in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular blood flow, excitotoxicity, activation of microglia and cellular apoptosis all contribute significantly to the intersection of climate change's impact on neurological illnesses. The complicated interplay between global warming and air pollution and their complex impact on the neurological system suggests that future measures designed to alleviate climate change must tackle both of these concerns simultaneously.