An Attempt to Reveal the Patterns and Characteristics of Environmental Concern in the Municipalities of Constantine Province Using Factor and Cluster Analysis for the Year 2021

Environmental issues have garnered a significant share of research by specialists. The results of studies have yielded a deeper understanding of the environmental phenomenon in many of its aspects. There is almost a consensus among researchers that addressing environmental problems is closely related to the success of development efforts. This research paper attempts to reveal the patterns and characteristics of environmental concern in the municipalities of Constantine Province. To achieve the study's objectives, statistical methods were used, particularly factor analysis and cluster analysis. We have arrived at important results that favor the development of the province and in diagnosing and preserving the environmental situation. The results of factor analysis revealed the existence of three main factors in the set of study variables, which explains the variance values of the environmental phenomenon. The results of cluster analysis led to the identification of four homogeneous patterns in terms of environmental concern across the entire provincial territory.