Modern solutions to improve economic and environmental characteristics of motor vehicles

I ntroduction (problem statement and relevance) . Improvements of designs and performance indicators of internal combustion engines (ICEs) and motor vehicles (MVs) are constantly ongoing. Modern vehicle ICEs comply with the UN Regulations. However, an important task is to extend the ICE service life while increasing the maintenance intervals, and to significantly reduce the total particulate matter (PM) emissions into the atmosphere caused by MV operation and containing invisible cancerogenic compounds especially dangerous to the health of the population. The purpose of the study is to determine the root causes influencing the maintenance intervals with respect to the engine oil ageing indicators. Methodology and research methods. The study included analysis of cancerogenic PM emissions with ICE crankcase gases and their possible influence on oil ageing decreasing the maintenance intervals. Scientific novelty and results. The study determined and assessed the level of total emissions of cancerogenic PM from various vehicle units: from the engine, from brake pad wear, from tyre wear, as well as emissions from uncontrollable wear of asphalt-concrete and gravel roadway. Practical significance. The results obtained regarding emissions of cancerogenic PM of various origin during long-term operation of motor vehicles prove low environmental efficiency of the recommendations given in the Paris Climate Accords (2015) concerning replacement of modern ICEs with electric drive power trains and replacement of conventional fuels with hydrogen. Since the main dangerous sources of urban atmosphere pollution that are dangerous to the health of the urban population still remain the same – namely, the products of asphalt-concrete, gravel roadway and tyre wear, which today make 80% of total PM emissions. Recommendations on double reduction of emissions of PM with cancerogenic substances dangerous to the health of the population have been developed.