Difficulties with the Application of Project-Based Learning in Chinese Compulsory Education

In China, the recent compulsory education curriculum reform in 2022 set the enhancement of student comprehensive competence and practical capacities as its overriding goal. Project-based learning (PBL), as an effective approach to cultivating students’ holistic competence, has garnered wide attention. Nevertheless, there are challenges in the application of PBL in Chinese compulsory education, impeding its popularization and application outcomes. This article focuses on delineating the difficulties with the integration of PBL into regular teaching, aiming to provide implications for promoting its application among compulsory education teachers.