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Background: In full term infants, Ductus Arteriosus (DA) undergoes complete closure at 96 hours of life. In Preterm infants, structural and physiological immaturity of the ductus is often associated with delayed closure and DA remains patent at the equivalent time of term gestation. Incidence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is as high as 60% in preterm infants and 80% in low birth weight neonates <1200 g at birth while premature babies < 26w gestational age had PDA beyond 2 months postnatally. Spontaneous closure in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants are at 15%. Methods: Single institution, Retrospective study in prematures, neonates and infants diagnosed with PDA. Cohort of patients grouped into Surgical Ligation (SL) or Transcatheter Occlusion (TC). Results: Comparative analysis of 5 year data (2019 - 2023) with sample size of 142 patients in which Group 1(SL): Surgical ligation n= 63 (44%), Group2 (TC): Transcatheter occlusion n=79 (55%) with neonates (n=55) underwent (SL=41, TC =14). Patient above the age of 1 year old has been excluded. Comparative outcomes between 2 groups analysed on inpatient Mortality rate, Complete PDA occlusion rate, Residual PDA flow rate, Morbidity rate in both neonatal and premature population. Conclusion: The complications arising from PDA are due to redirection of oxygen-rich blood away from vital organs through the PDA to the pulmonary artery. This choreography results in a symphony of systemic hypoperfusion, pulmonary over circulation and neonatal pulmonary hypertension which orchestrates a crescendo of end-organ damage such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), neonatal chronic lung disease (CLD), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), with the haunting shadow of mortality looming. Amidst the evolving melody of medical technology, the decision between surgical and transcatheter closure techniques has transformed. However, this complex composition ........
Nokanaidu et al. (Fri,) studied this question.