Analysis of the causes of sheep endoparasites in farms of the Luga district of the Leningrad region

This article reflects current data on the assessment of the epizootic situation for the main endoparasitoses of small cattle in two peasant (farm) farms of the Luga district of the Leningrad region with similar animal conditions. The level of extensive invasion (EI) of sheep by pathogens of parasitic diseases was established, and the age and seasonal dynamics of the spread were studied. The level of infection of livestock with strongylates of the gastrointestinal tract with an EI of 87-97%, protostrongylidoses of the genus Mullerius (M. capillaris) with EI – 53%, tapeworms of the genus Moniezia (M. expansa) – 69%, trematodes Fasciola hepatica with EI – 24-28% and eimeria with EI – 96-98%. The analysis of the causes of diseases in the territories of the studied farms was carried out, and the main mechanisms of transmission of pathogens to susceptible animals were considered. A number of violations of the conditions of keeping small cattle in the conditions of the farms under study were identified: crowded livestock, untimely change of bedding and manure cleaning, keeping young animals together with adult animals, as well as violations of microclimate conditions (reduced air velocity and increased concentration of inert gases harmful to animals). In addition, an important factor in the spread of pathogens of invasive diseases among animals on the farms under study is the deworming of livestock without taking into account the characteristics of the life cycle of parasites and the timing of their preimaginal stages, as well as the duration of endogenous and exogenous stages of development of protozoa of the Eimeria genus.Thus, causal relationships in the occurrence and circulation of pathogens of invasive diseases of small cattle among livestock in the territory of the farms of the Luga district of the Leningrad region were studied and determined, taking into account the climatic and geographical features of the area and the seasons of the year