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This paper analyzes the Saudi-Iran deal brokered by China in March 2023, representing a breakthrough in the bilateral relations between Riyadh and Tehran after prolonged antagonism and proxy wars. It explores the potential of the historic deal by analyzing the strategic realignment of Riyadh and Tehran, focusing on the prospects for both sides. Furthermore, the paper raises concerns about the viability of the Saudi-Iran deal considering the underlying vulnerabilities. To ensure the smooth advancement of diplomatic relations between Riyadh and Tehran, it is crucial to consider the vulnerabilities of the deal. This includes acknowledging the limitations of the agreement, addressing ongoing strategic issues, and considering external factors such as the delayed normalization between Saudi Arabia and Israel, and the United States’ (US) disruptive role in the Middle East affairs, particularly in the wake of war in Gaza. These factors have the potential to impede the development of Saudi-Iran relations and the long-term efficacy of the deal.
Nora Maher (Fri,) studied this question.