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Abstract The uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites and the flammability of electrolytes are the direct impediments to the commercial application of high‐energy‐density lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, this study presents a novel approach that combines microencapsulation and electrospinning technologies to develop a multifunctional composite separator (P@AS) for improving the electrochemical performance and safety performance of LMBs. The P@AS separator forms a dense charcoal layer through the condensed‐phase flame retardant mechanism causing the internal separator to suffocate from lack of oxygen. Furthermore, it incorporates a triple strategy promoting the uniform flow of lithium ions, facilitating the formation of a highly ion‐conducting solid electrolyte interface (SEI), and encouraging flattened lithium deposition with active SiO 2 seed points, considerably suppressing lithium dendrites growth. The high Coulombic efficiency of 95.27% is achieved in Li–Cu cells with additive‐free carbonate electrolyte. Additionally, stable cycling performance is also maintained with a capacity retention rate of 93.56% after 300 cycles in LFP//Li cells. Importantly, utilizing P@AS separator delays the ignition of pouch batteries under continuous external heating by 138 s, causing a remarkable reduction in peak heat release rate and total heat release by 23.85% and 27.61%, respectively, substantially improving the fire safety of LMBs.
Liao et al. (Thu,) studied this question.