The Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on the Severity of Coronavirus Infection: Analysis of Inflammation Markers in Covid-19 Patients

It has been established that the most severe course of COVID-19 is observed in individuals with chronic diseases, including those with diabetes mellitus.There are reports in the literature of cases of hyperglycemia first registered against the background of coronavirus infection.Aims.To determine the frequency of previously diagnosed and newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus in patients infected with COVID-19.To assess the relationship between the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and markers of inflammatory process and the severity of infectious disease.Methods.Data collection included medical history, laboratory and instrumental studies.Depending on the presence of diabetes mellitus in the medical history, patients were divided into 2 groups: without previously diagnosed diabetes; with diabetes mellitus in the medical history (group D).Patients without diabetes in the medical history were subdivided into subgroups according to the level of HbA1c: with HbA1c ≤6.0% (group A), HbA1c >6.0% and <6.5% (group B), with HbA1c ≥6.5% (group C).In addition, all patients were assessed for inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6)).Results.Associations between the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and markers of inflammatory process were studied.Журнал «Перспективи та інновації науки» (Серія «Педагогіка», Серія «Психологія», Серія «Медицина») № 6(40) 20241006 Individuals without diabetes were divided into subgroups according to the level of HbA1c.Inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)) were also evaluated.Regardless of the presence of confirmed diabetes mellitus, a significant positive correlation was noted between the level of HbA1c and inflammatory markers ESR, CRP, IL-6.Conclusion.An analysis of carbohydrate metabolism indicators in 40 individuals who contracted a new coronavirus infection revealed that diabetes mellitus was present in 75% of cases.In 10% of patients, carbohydrate metabolism indicators were normal.In the remaining 10% and 5% who did not have diabetes mellitus in the medical history, the interpretation of carbohydrate metabolism was complicated due to discrepancies between glycemia and HbA1c.A significant positive correlation was noted between the level of HbA1c and inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP, IL-6).