Analysis Of the Application and Research Status of Key Technologies for Autonomous Positioning and Route Planning of Agricultural Machinery

Technologies such as route planning and autonomous positioning have been widely used in assisted driving and self-driving of the equipment like automobiles, construction machinery, and drones. At the same time, as agricultural machinery develops towards intelligence and unmanned operation, there is a rapid development in self-driving technologies of agricultural machinery in recent years. At present, autonomous positioning method used by self-driving agricultural machinery is mainly high accuracy satellite navigation system. However, the hardware costs of this method are relatively higher and this method relies heavily on good satellite signals, which limit its market promotion to a certain degree. As a result, navigation method that has high efficiency, low costs, and stable workability in harsh environments becomes the key to popularize self-driving technologies on agricultural machinery. Nowadays, as the costs of sensors such as binocular camera continue to decrease, methods like visual navigation and inertial navigation attract more and more attention, technologies in artificial intelligence such as machine learning and image processing also start to become efficient tools for self-positioning. This article mainly introduces the present situation and key technologies researches of autonomous positioning and route planning of agricultural machinery in recent years and discusses the future trend of self-driving agricultural machinery.