Effect of Over-expression of GRXs on Thermo and Acetic Acid Stress Tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Ethanol production from renewable cellulosic materials is a globally significant research area. However, the high temperatures and acetic acid generated during cellulose pretreatment can inhibit Saccharomyces cerevisiae growth, reducing ethanol yields. This study investigates the impact of glutaredoxin family genes (GRXs) over-expression on S. cerevisiae cell growth and fermentation performance under thermal and acetic acid stress. Engineered strains overexpressing GRX1, GRX2 , and GRX5 demonstrated enhanced growth at 42°C, while those overexpressing GRX1, GRX2, GRX6 , and GRX7 showed improved growth at 1 g/L acetic acid. These results suggest that GRX over-expression can remediate S. cerevisiae , potentially accelerating advancements in green biomanufacturing.