An analysis of the efficiency of preparatory posture and anticipation actions performed by goalkeepers in the 2018 FIFA World Cup

The objective of this study was to analyze the efficiency of goalkeeper in anticipation and preparatory posture during the 2018 FIFA World Cup. By analyzing video footage of official matches, we examined 669 shots taken throughout the competition. For each shot, we collected data on the goalkeeper's position (considering their preparatory posture and anticipation) and the outcome of the action (save or goal). Preparatory posturing was present in nearly all shots (n=611; 91%), while anticipation positioning was less frequently used (n=409; 61%). We did not find a significant association between preparatory posture and the outcome of the action (x²=1.333; p=0.248). However, we did find a significant and moderate-sized association between anticipation positioning and the outcome of the action (x²=71.49; p<0.001). In this situation, actions involving anticipation led to more goals conceded. Based on our findings, without taking into consideration the shooting situation, anticipation seems to have been less efficient in defending goals. These findings are important for coaches to incorporate into the training process to enhance the chances of success during matches.