Achalasia Cardia: A Case Report in Young Female

symptoms include progressive dysphagia for solids and liquids, along with regurgitation, heartburn, and non-cardiac chest pain. Case PresentationA 22-year-old female patient initially diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) received proton pump inhibitors and antacid gel for persistent dysphagia and regurgitation.Subsequent tests including barium esophagogram and manometry indicated Type II Achalasia Cardia.The patient showed clinical improvement with relief of dysphagia, regurgitation, and heartburn symptoms after pneumatic balloon dilatation (PBD).She was advised to follow up after six months with upper GI endoscopy and manometry in the outpatient clinic for regular endoscopic surveillance as there is a risk of transformation to esophageal carcinoma. Case DiscussionDiagnosing achalasia in young adults poses challenges due to its diverse presentation and resemblance to other esophageal disorders like GERD.Diagnosis relies on clinical symptoms and imaging studies such as barium esophagogram revealing a bird's beak appearance and esophageal manometry showing absent peristalsis.Upper GI endoscopy is needed to rule out malignancy.Treatment options include non-surgical approaches like medication and Botox injections, as well as surgical methods such as pneumatic balloon dilation, laparoscopic Heller myotomy, and per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM).The treatment options depend upon the patient's condition at presentation and their individual choices. ConclusionThis case report emphasizes that it is crucial to consider achalasia as a potential differential diagnosis in young adults with dysphagia, especially if conventional treatments for acid peptic disorder do not alleviate symptoms.Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management can lead to significant clinical improvement and better patient outcomes.