Development and validation of machine learning models to predict perioperative transfusion risk for hip fractures in the elderly

Patients with hip fractures frequently need to receive perioperative transfusions of concentrated red blood cells due to preoperative anemia or surgical blood loss. However, the use of perioperative blood products increases the risk of adverse events, and the shortage of blood products is prompting us to minimize blood transfusion. Our study aimed to construct a machine learning algorithm predictive model to identify patients at high risk for perioperative transfusion early in hospital admission and to manage their patient blood to reduce transfusion requirements.