The development of photoacoustic contrast agents relies on the recovery of the photophysical properties from cuvette measurements. Photoacoustic signals are typically described using the Beer-Lambert law. In contrast agents with long excited state lifetimes, it is no longer valid. This is particularly noticeable at low concentrations and short cuvette pathlengths as acoustic propagation and detection effects become significant. A forward model is used to calculate time-resolved signals generated in a cuvette. The model is fitted to measured signals to recover absorption coefficients. The model will enable the characterization of new contrast agents by recovering the spatial distribution of thermalized energy.
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Ezzatpour et al. (2024) studied this question.
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