Preliminary Results of Conservative Mitral Valve Surgery at The Andre Festoc Center of The Mother -Child

In developed countries rheumatic disease has become a virtual disease. On the other hand it remains the most frequent cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in people under 40 years of age in our developing countries. The aim of this work is to present the preliminary results of mitral valve repair in a developing country. This is a 52-month mono-centric retro-prospective descriptive study from September 10, 2018 to December 31, 2022.The study was carried out at the André Festoc center of the mother-child university hospital center ‘ Le Luxembourg’ in Bamako. During the period of our study 490 patients underwent heart surgery, 174 patients or 35.51% had mitral surgery and mitral plasty on rheumatic valvulopathy was performed in 35 patients or 20.11% of mitral surgeries and 7.14% of all cardiac operations. We collected 33 cases, 2 patients were lost to follow-up. 72% of patients were female, with a sex ratio of 0.4. Mean age was 12.9 ±3.9 years, with extremes of 5 and 25 years. Valvular retraction was the most common lesion, accounting for 81.8% of cases. All patients underwent surgery under CEC ranging from 81 to 245 min, with an average of 131.40 ± 40 min. The mean aortic clamping time was 87.72 ± 31.60 min, with extremes of 26 and 169 min. Attendance time ranged from 7 to 105 min, with a mean of 31.33 ± 20.94 min. Mitral plasty is a preferred alternative to valve replacement in children. The complexity of the lesions involved makes this procedure difficult, and good results can only be achieved through rigorous patient selection and precise lesion analysis.