ChatGPT: perspectives from human–computer interaction and psychology

The release of GPT-4 has garnered widespread attention across various fields, signaling the impending widespread adoption and application of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, previous research has predominantly focused on the technical principles of ChatGPT and its social impact, overlooking its effects on human–computer interaction and user psychology. This paper explores the multifaceted impacts of ChatGPT on human–computer interaction, psychology, and society through a literature review. The author investigates ChatGPT’s technical foundation, including its Transformer architecture and RLHF (Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback) process, enabling it to generate human-like responses. In terms of human–computer interaction, the author studies the significant improvements GPT models bring to conversational interfaces. The analysis extends to psychological impacts, weighing the potential of ChatGPT to mimic human empathy and support learning against the risks of reduced interpersonal connections. In the commercial and social domains, the paper discusses the applications of ChatGPT in customer service and social services, highlighting the improvements in efficiency and challenges such as privacy issues. Finally, the author offers predictions and recommendations for ChatGPT’s future development directions and its impact on social relationships.