Water Quality Characteristics and Water–Rock Interaction Mechanisms of Coal Mine Underground Reservoirs

Constructing underground reservoirs in coal mines can effectively improve the recycling of mine water. Water-rock interactions within underground reservoirs have been demonstrated to improve water quality; however, the mechanisms underlying these water-rock interactions remain unclear, hindering the widespread applications of underground reservoirs. Thus, this study focused on the underground reservoir of the Shendong Daliuta coal mine. Through on-site sampling tests and single-mineral leaching experiments, combined with X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy, the water quality characteristics of the inlet and outlet water samples from the coal mine underground reservoir were analyzed. Moreover, the physical and chemical properties of the collapsed rocks in the reservoir were investigated, with the aim of clarifying the mechanism underlying the water-rock interactions in coal mine underground reservoirs. The results revealed a significant self-purification effect of the coal mine underground reservoir. Compared with the inlet water sample, the outlet water sample featured substantially reduced amounts of solid-suspended substances, turbidity, total dissolved solids, and electrical conductivity, with the average removal rates of Fe and Mn approaching 98.73 and 92.12%, respectively. Along the flow direction of the inlet and outlet water of the coal mine underground reservoir, the concentrations of Na