Out-of-equilibrium cellulose-based self-organized photonic structures

Cellulose, the main constituent of plants, plays a significant role in forming helical structures observed across different scales. These structures play a crucial role in creating structural coloration. This work focuses on molecular and nanoscale helical photonic arrangements in cellulose-based systems. Emphasis is given to cellulose nanocrystals, their interactions with water, and the formation of colorful structures in cellulose-based out-of-equilibrium systems. Specific systems with varying helicities and adaptive behaviors will be shown. The current findings suggest that significant work remains in out-of-equilibrium cellulosic colourful systems. Furthermore, there is much to be learned from nature's designs to create innovative helical functional materials featuring unique photonic properties.