Cesarean Section: Medical, Social and Moral and Ethical Factors

Introduction: a cesarean section (C-section) is a surgical procedure used to deliver a baby through incisions in the abdomen and uterus. It is a common procedure, but it carries various medical, social, moral, and ethical considerations.Objective: to evaluate medical, social, moral, and ethical factors related to cesarean sections.Method: conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study on 100 pregnant women undergoing cesarean sections using nonrandom purposive sampling. Data (quantitative and qualitative) collected through a pretested questionnaire, analyzed with SPSS 26 and Atlas.ti.Results: significant associations were found in age (p=0,033), education (p=0,043), socioeconomic status (p=0,046), and BMI (p=0,048). Obstetric factors, including parity (p=0,033), delivery place (p=0,035), child weight at birth (p=0,000), and major indications for CS (p=0,048), demonstrated substantial impact. Ethical considerations showed significant associations with maternal autonomy (P=0,040), medical necessity (P=0,038), resource allocation (P=0,038), bonding impact (P=0,037), unnecessary interventions (P=0,033), reproductive autonomy (P=0,046), cultural sensitivity (P=0,028), and provider accountability (P=0,042).Conclusions: study emphasizes tailored maternal care, reveals sociodemographic, obstetric influences, intricate ethical dimensions