Recently, Merino extended the classical relation between the $2n$-th Fibonacci number and the number of spanning trees of the n-fan graph to ribbon graphs, and established a relation between the n-associated Mersenne number and the number of quasi-trees of the n-wheel ribbon graph. Moreover, Merino posed a problem of finding the Lucas numbers as the number of spanning quasi-trees of a family of ribbon graphs. In this paper, we solve the problem and give the Matrix-Quasi-tree Theorem for a bouquet with exactly one non-orientable loop. Furthermore, this theorem is used to verify that the number of quasi-trees of some classes of bouquets is closely related to the Fibonacci and Lucas numbers. We also give alternative proofs of the number of quasi-trees of these bouquets by using the deletion-contraction relations of ribbon graphs.
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Deng et al. (2024) studied this question.
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