Affective disorders pose a global health challenge and gender disparity. This review explores neuroendocrine mechanisms in adolescent affective disorders, revealing elevated cortisol and thyrotropin levels, puberty's impact, and frontolimbic neurocircuitry involvement. Gender and epigenetic factors within HPA axis genes highlight the need for interventions. Understanding these can inform strategies for stress reduction and treatments, emphasizing the vulnerability of adolescent girls to affective disorders and the importance of gender-targeting approaches in diagnosis and intervention.
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Ayma Fawad (2024) studied this question.
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