Design and Analysis of Battery Management System for Electric Vehicle Applications

Electric vehicles are the way forward as they have lesser carbon footprints and are more viable owing to the depleting fuel resources.The drives of electric vehicles present many advantages over traditional internal combustion engines, when considering emissions, efficiency, and no dependency upon oil.There has been a great advancement in the technology of batteries due to its development and the hybrid variant.This emphasizes the need to monitor the battery cells to prevent any occurrence of mishap which otherwise would lead to damages to property, life and personnel.This is achieved by utilizing a battery management system that allows for the monitoring of individual cells within a battery pack and offer protection against over-voltage, under-voltage, short circuit and indication of thermal runaway.Modern-day electric vehicles employ Li-ion batteries, which possess the merits of longer life cycles, flatter discharge curves and rapid charge-discharge capabilities, requiring utmost safety as they are more prone when compared to their lead-acid and nickel-cadmium counterparts.