Unveiling Complexities: A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Complications in Cosmetic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery

This comprehensive review synthesizes key complications associated with breast surgery, focusing on implant-based and autologous tissue reconstructions. Complications vary signicantly by surgical technique and patient demographics, crucial for informing risk management and surgical planning. Implant surgeries frequently experience capsular contracture (10-15%) and infection (1-5%), with rupture rates of 2-10% over ten years. Seroma formation, affecting up to 5% of patients, represents a signicant postoperative issue. Conversely, autologous reconstructions display lower ap failure rates (less than 5%) but higher incidences of fat necrosis (10-15%), particularly in DIEP ap procedures. Local surgical complications also play a substantial role in patient outcomes. Infections occur in 1-3% of cases, potentially rising to 10% depending on patient risk factors like obesity or diabetes. Seroma and hematoma complications necessitate additional interventions, affecting 5-10% and 1-6% of patients respectively.