Antibacterial Activity Test From Stem Bark of Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata Against Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Streptococcus mutans Bacteria

The Rhizophora apiculata mangrove is a tropical coastal plant that grows on muddy, smooth and waterlogged soil. Traditional medicine using this plant has been carried out by several tribes in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of extracts and fractions of Rhizophora apiculata mangrove stem bark against Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The research was carried out using 5 groups concentrations, namely 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% with distilled water as a negative control. The test results showed that the yield of methanol extract from Rhizophora apiculata mangrove stem bark was 28%, the total ash content was 9.10%, and the acid insoluble ash content was 0.30%. Antibacterial activity showed that the methanol extract and water fraction had moderate inhibitory activity, while the ethyl acetate fraction at concentrations of 15%, 20% and 25% had strong inhibitory activity.