Theoretical model demonstrates duality defects in 2+1d theories through half-spacetime gauging, revealing non-invertible structures obeying a fusion 2-category.
We study duality defects in 2+1d theories with ⁽⁰⁾N×⁽¹⁾N global symmetry and trivial mixed 't Hooft anomaly. By gauging these symmetries simultaneously in half of the spacetime, we define duality defects for theories that are self-dual under gauging. We calculate the fusion rules involving duality defects and show that they obey a fusion 2-category. We also construct the corresponding symmetry topological field theory, a four-dimensional BF theory on a slab which realizes the duality defects on the boundary upon shrinking the interval. Furthermore, we provide explicit examples of such duality defects in U(1)× U(1) gauge theories and in more general product theories. Finally, we find duality defects in non-Lagrangian theories obtained by compactification of 6d =(2,0) SCFTs of type AN-1 on various three-manifolds.
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Cui et al. (2024) studied this question.
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