Enhancing Financial Metrics through Board Characteristics and Ownership Structures in Palestine

This study explores the impacts of board characteristics and ownership structures on firm performance. Drawing on panel data of 280 observations from firms listed on the Palestine Security Exchange (PSE) during 2009-2023, the main dependent variable, Earnings Per Share (EPS), reflects a company's net income divided by the average number of outstanding shares. To ensure robustness, the analysis was replicated using Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE) as dependent variables. Results indicate that smaller board size correlates with enhanced performance, while ownership concentration negatively affects firm performance. Surprisingly, CEO duality demonstrates a positive nexus with firm performance.