Is plasma atherogenic index or LDL/HDL ratio more predictive of peripheral arterial disease complexity?

Introduction The most basic and well-known cause of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is atherosclerosis. One of the main factors causing atherosclerosis is dyslipidemia. We will evaluate whether specific ratios of dyslipidemia, such as the atherogenic plasma index (AIP) and LDL/HDL ratio, which have recently been used in practice, can help us to predict the complexity of PAD in the clinic. Methods A total of 305 patients with PAD admitted to our clinic were retrospectively included in this study. After evaluation according to angiography images using TASC-II classification, patients were divided into TASC A-B and TASC C-D. AIP was evaluated with the following formula: Log (TG/HDL). Cut-off values for AIP and LDL/HDL were determined on the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve. Logistic regression analysis were conducted to predict peripheral arterial disease complexity. Results The mean ages of Group 1 ( n:180, 68.3% male) and Group 2 ( n:125, 77.6% male) patients were 64.10 ± 12.39 and 64.94 ± 11.12 years, respectively. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM, p < 0.016) and coronary artery disease (CAD, p < 0.001) was higher in group 2. Group 2 had higher TG ( p = 0.045), LDL-C ( p = 0.004), AIP ( p = 0.010), LDL/HDL ( p < 0.001), and lower HDL-C ( p = 0.015). In multivariate logistic regression analysis evaluating parameters in predicting PAD complexity, DM (OR: 1.66 Cl 95%: 1.01–2.73 p = 0.045), CAD (OR: 2.86 Cl 95%: 1.75–4.69 p < 0.001) and LDL/HDL (OR: 1.47 Cl 95%: 1.10–1.96 p = 0.008) were independent variables. Conclusion In our study, we compared LDL/HDL ratio and AIP in PAD for the first time in the literature and showed that LDL/HDL ratio is a more valuable ratio and an independent predictor of PAD complexity.