Improving the Final Atmospheric Seal of Conserved Archaeological Iron from Marine Sites

Abstract The conservation of iron artifacts from marine archaeological sites faces the persistent challenge of electrochemical corrosion post-recovery. Traditional conservation methods, such as electrolytic reduction and chemical stabilization, have been very successful in stabilizing these artifacts, but post-treatment, can do little to provide durable long-term protection when exposed to atmospheric conditions. This study investigates the efficacy of a novel conservation treatment that combines microcrystalline wax with a paint overlay, aimed at improving the final atmospheric seal of conserved iron artifacts. Conducted at the Conservation Research Laboratory (CRL) at Texas A&M University, the experiment involved treating two historically significant cannons with this dual-layer method. The cannons were subjected to rigorous environmental conditions to test the durability and protective quality of the treatment. Results indicate that the combined use of microcrystalline wax and paint not only enhances the corrosion resistance of iron artifacts but also maintains aesthetic and structural integrity under variable climatic exposures. This paper discusses the experimental procedures, findings, and the practical implications of this treatment, advocating for its application in both museum settings and outdoor displays. The study contributes a significant advancement to conservation practices, offering a reversible, effective solution that upholds the artifact's historical value while extending its lifespan.