Tunable photonic nanostructures based on atomically thin semiconductors

Hybrid nanophotonic systems consisting of resonant dielectric nanostructures integrated with single or few layers of transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) offer important opportunities for active nanophotonic systems featuring an actively tunable response. While the resonant nanophotonic structures serve to enhance the light-matter interaction in the atomically thin membranes, the 2D-TMDs exhibit tunable excitonic properties. However, the experimental realization and demonstration of active functionalities in such hybrid systems remains challenging. Here, we experimentally realize resonant high-index dielectric meta-waveguides and metasurfaces integrated with various species of 2D-TMDs. We demonstrate voltage tuning of the systems' transmittance and photoluminescent properties, as well as of their polarization dependence. Our results show that hybridization with 2D-TMDs can serve to render resonant photonic nanostructures tunable and time-variant – important properties for practical applications in optical analog computers and neuromorphic circuits.