The Abundance of Bioactive Compounds in Fingerroot Essential Oil Before and After Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) as a Potential Substitute for Synthetic Antibiotics in Livestock

This research focuses on optimizing and stabilizing the essential oil of fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda), a plant native to Indonesia, using self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) technology. This essential oil possesses antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal properties, making it a potential alternative to synthetic antibiotics. However, its low bioavailability and volatility limit its usage. The study involved two stages: nanoemulsion creation using a D-optimization design expert and stability analysis of bioactive compounds through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The optimized formula consisted of fingerroot essential oil, virgin coconut oil (VCO), Tween 80, and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 400 in percentages of 12.61, 12.61, 53.65, and 21.12%, respectively. Prior to nanoemulsion, the essential oil contained 28.28% camphor and 27.13% 1,8-cineole as the highest bioactive compounds. After applying the SNEDDS technology, the camphor content decreased to 25.17%, while the 1,8-cineole content reduced to 12.14%. These findings enhance the effectiveness and stability of fingerroot essential oil, facilitating its potential application in pharmaceutical and therapeutic fields.