Comparative Analysis of Adenosine Deaminase Level in Newly Diagnosed HIV - Positive Patients Before and After One Year of Antiretroviral Therapy

Adenosine Deaminase ADA, an inflammatory biomarker, is crucial in the immune response associated with HIV infection. This study aims to compare ADA levels in newly diagnosed HIV -positive patients before and after one year of Antiretroviral Therapy ART, and with healthy controls. Conducted at Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, the observational case -control study included 50 HIV -positive patients and 50 healthy individuals. ADA levels were significantly higher in HIV -positive patients before ART compared to post -therapy and controls p -value <0.0001. The study also found a fair to substantial agreement between ADA levels and CD4 counts, with Kappa values of 0.392 and 0.766 in HIV+ patients before and after 1 -year ART. These findings suggest ADA as a potential marker for monitoring HIV progression and the efficacy of ART. The significance of this study lies in its potential to enhance the understanding of ADA as a biomarker for inflammation and immune activation in HIV -positive patients. It provides insights into the efficacy of ART in reducing ADA levels and improving immune response, thus offering a valuable tool for monitoring disease progression and treatment outcomes.