Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is one of the most dangerous pollutions in the atmosphere in the Hanoi capital. PM2.5 fine dust pollution characteristics in Hanoi in the duration from 5/2021 to 3/2022 have been studied. The concentration of main chemical elements (such as As, Br, Ca, Cd, Ce, Cl, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Pb, S, Sr, Ti, Zn, Zr…), main water-soluble ions (such as Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, SO42-, Cl-, NO3-, F-, NO2-) and black carbon (BC) in the PM2.5 sample have been analyzed. The average PM2.5 fine dust concentration was (78.09 ± 51.71) µg/m3 and ranged from 17.55 to 271.39 µg/m3. PM2.5 tends to increase and is about 3.12 times larger than Who Air Quality Guidelines 2005 (25 µg/m3 for PM2.5 24h). The average PM2.5 concentration in the rainy season from 5/2021 to 9/2021 was (51.97 ± 16.40) µg/m3. This value for the dry season from 10/2021 to 3/2022 was (104.70 ± 61.19) µg/m3. It is much higher than that in the rainy season about 2.01 times. The major contributors were the secondary components such as NH4+, SO42-, NO3- and BC... The main pollution contribution sources and the potential pollution areas map have been identified. This research shows a worrying picture of fine dust PM2.5 in Hanoi in the studying duration.
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Vuong et al. (2024) studied this question.
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