Cancer remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating innovative approaches for early detection and targeted therapeutic interventions. To revolutionize cancer therapy by rapid identification and evaluation of biomarkers, this study set out to ascertain the frequency of cancer markers in Bangladesh’s north-central area. A cross-sectional investigation encompassing 463 individuals was conducted between March 2021 and July 2023. The detection of serum cancer biomarkers was accomplished by using an ELISA-based chemiluminescent microparticle immune assay. The independent variables were compared using an unpaired t-test. Five categories were created from the data clustering: Healthy control, group 1 (10-17 years, adolescent), group 2 (18 to 35 years, younger adult), group 3 (36 to 55 years, middle aged), and group 4 (>55 years, older adult). The serum level of PSA (prostate-specific antigen) was greater in group 4 compared to healthy control group (8.011 ± 1.281 ng/ml vs 1.307 ± 0.1598 ng/ml). The serum level of CA-125 (Carbohydrate Antigen-125) was greater in group 3 and group 4 compared to healthy control group (65.70 ± 6.430 vs 16.57 ± 0.793 and 1045 ± 275.8 vs 16.57 ± 0.793, respectively). The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was expressed more often in group 4 male and female participants compared to the healthy controls (8.423 ± 0.5059 vs 2.436 ± 0.1086). Alpha-feto protein (AFP) was expressed more often in male group 3 and group 4 compared to healthy control group (15.24± 6.823 vs 4.615 ± 0.6613 and 18.54 ± 5.757 vs 4.615 ± 0.6613) and Male individuals reported a considerably greater amount of AFP than female individuals. This study revealed that older individuals had elevated levels of PSA, CA-125, CEA, and AFP. Moreover, males had greater levels of AFP than females.
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Mahmud et al. (2024) studied this question.
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