The European Union in the race for Artificial Intelligence: a comparative analysis with US and China in non-market public services

This work-in-progress policy paper examines the European Union's strategy for governing AI technologies, in comparison with the approaches of US and China. It underlines the potential benefits of AI in specific sectors, with particular reference to non-market services: defense, healthcare, education, and public administration. At the same time, it will also address the related ethical concerns, that might become a key factor to consider in a fragmented geopolitical context. The paper emphasizes the European Union's cautious approach to regulating AI through initiatives like the Artificial Intelligence Act. It contrasts the EU's stance with the strategies of the US and China, who are leading in AI investments and innovation. Finally, the paper aims to provide policy recommendations for the EU to enhance its role in AI for non-market services, considering the global context and the need for an ethical AI development.