Development of Catalytic Organic Transformations Using Carbon Dioxide toward Environmentally-Friendly Process

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a renewable chemical feedstock. However, the thermodynamic considerations of CO2 limit its widespread use in chemical transformation. This paper summarizes the transition metal-catalyzed transformation of CO2 via carbon-carbon bond-forming event. Cu complexes can catalyze the hydrocarboxylation of unsaturated hydrocarbons such as alkynes and 1,2-dienes using hydrosilanes as hydride sources. Similarly, the silacarboxylation of alkynes as well as 1,2-dienes proceeds using Cu catalysts and silylboranes as silicon sources. Ni complexes catalyze the carboxylation of less reactive aryl chlorides using Mn powder as the reducing agent. Ni complexes also work as catalysts for the double carboxylation of alkynes in the presence of Zn powder. The carboxyzincation reaction of internal alkynes proceeds using Co complexes as the catalysts and Zn powder as the reagent.