Realistic career planning forces employees to be proactive and to anticipate problems and opportunities.It does this by making them establish and examine their career objectives.Career planning and development involves two processes -career planning (employee centered) and career management (organisationcentred).Career management is integral to HR planning, but HR planning and/or career management do not exist or are not integrated in some organisations.Ideally, career planning and development should be seen as a process that aligns the interests and skills of employees with the needs of the organisation.This means that careers must be managed strategically so the skills demanded by the organization's strategic business objectives are understood and a work force with a matching profile of skills is developed.Career planning and development play a major part in ensuring that the organisation has a competitive and knowledgeable work force.
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Narender et al. (2024) studied this question.
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