Effect of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) Biosynthetic by Using of Propolis Honey Bee on Ephestia cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

The current study aimed to evaluated the titanium dioxide particles (TiO 2 -NPs) which biosynthed using propolis of honey bee Apis mellifera (nano-extract) at five concentrations (50, 100, 200, 400, 800) ppm, against adults and third instar larvae of the Ephestia cautella.results showed that the nano-extract had a significant toxic effect on adults, the mortality rate was 96.7% at a concentration of 800 ppm and the mortality rate decreased to 61.4% at a concentration of 50 ppm after seven days of treatment and the concentrations caused a decrease in the rate of food consumption, which was reflected in the value of the antifeedant index which was 100%.The results showed that the nano-extract had a repellent effect on larvae, which ranged from (-20 to -66)% after 3 hours of tested.The nano extract showed the least loss of date weight (7%) at a concentration of 800 ppm within 90 days of storage.