Hi̇stopathologi̇cal Study of Gastri̇c Cancer: A Retrospecti̇ve Study

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the common causes of cancer, especially among older males.Its incidence and mortality vary greatly by geography and are highly dependent on food and Helicobacter pylori infection.Objective: To describe the general pattern of primary gastric cancers in the western region of Odisha and compare the findings of patients' age, sex, gross features, and histological types to findings from other studies.Methods: Over a five-year period, 82 cases of stomach cancer were included in this descriptive record-based study conducted in the Department of Pathology at VSSIMSAR, Burla.The diagnosis of gastric cancer was made on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections and were categorized according to the WHO classification system.Results: Out of 82 cases of Gastric cancer, 51 (62.19%) were males and 31 (37.80%) were females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:1.The most common age group was 51-60 (40.24%), followed by 61-70 (23.17%).Pyloric antrum (73.17%) was the commonest site involved, followed by corpus (17.07%), and cardia (2.43%).Grossly, the most common type was an ulcerative lesion.Microscopically, according to WHO classification, tubular adenocarcinomas were the most common (75.6%), followed by signet ring cell carcinoma (12.19%), poorly cohesive carcinoma, non-signet ring cell type (7.31%), and mucinous carcinoma (2.43%). Conclusion:The frequency of stomach cancers in the western region of Odisha exhibited demographic characteristics as well as gross features and histological types were comparable to those documented in other parts of the world.