Ab1364 Etiological Study of Uveitis in the Ocular Inflammation Unit of a Medium Hospital of Madrid

Background: Ocular inflammation (OI) or uveitis is a clinical manifestation that can occured in numerous systemic autoimmune diseases. Different patterns of uveitis have relation with specific diseases, many of which are rheumatological. Therefore, the collaboration between ophthalmology and rheumatology in multidisciplinary units is essential for an early and effective management as well as treatment of these patients, decreasing both human morbidity and healthcare costs. Objectives: Describe the different etiologies of ocular inflammation identified in the Ocular Inflammation Unit (UIO) of a medium hospital in Madrid. Methods: It is a retrospective observational study, that collects data from patients evaluated in the UIO of Hospital Severo Ochoa in Leganés, Madrid, from May 2016 to October 2023. We analyse demographic characteristics, the pattern and course of uveitis, and the etiology. Patients under 18 years of age are excluded from this study. Results: A total of 205 patients were analyzed, 54.14% of whom were women with an average age of 56.19 years. The most common pattern was anterior uveitis (AU) (46.34%), followed by posterior uveitis (PU) (13.65%), panuveitis (PU) (6.34%), and intermediate uveitis (IU) (4.39%); and 29.28% had other forms of ocular involvement (including corneal, eyelid, muscular, etc.). The most frequent pattern within the anterior uveitis group was acute recurrent unilateral anterior uveitis, accounting for 54.05%. And to note that, 13.6% of these patients tested positive for HLA B27. Other patterns in this group included bilateral involvement in 7.2% of patients. Regarding the relation between the pattern of uveitis and the etiologies, it is initially highlighted that 37% of AU cases were associated with rheumatological pathology, being spondyloarthropathies (SpA) the most frequent (86%). In PU cases, 39.28% were of unknown etiology, followed by infectious etiology at 39%; 7.14% were associated with rheumatological disease, and 10.7% with ocular diseases (such as Punctate inner choroidopathy and Eales disease, among others). In the case of PU, the most common association was with rheumatological pathology (46.15%, 100% of those with Behcet's disease), followed by infectious causes (23.07%), and 15% were due to other conditions (such as tumors or purely ocular conditions like Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada). 66.6% of IU cases were idiopathic, 11% were associated with sarcoidosis, and another 11% had infectious etiology. Other forms of ocular inflammation occurred in 29.28% of patients, including keratoconjunctival involvement, orbital pseudotumor, and myositis; 31.7% of these patients had an association with rheumatological disease (such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, or vasculitis). Conclusion: In our series, the predominant pattern was acute recurrent unilateral anterior uveitis, and within the rheumatological etiology, spondyloarthritis was the most commonly associated, which is a consistent data with other published series. Taking into account the number of population we have in our Hospital, we consider that the study population was proportionally high, although larger epidemiological studies are needed for more significant conclusions. REFERENCES: NIL. Acknowledgements: NIL. Disclosure of Interests: None declared.